Bugoma Central Forest Reserve
It’s a significant tropical rainforest located in western Uganda, within the Hoima and Kikuube districts. Situated on the eastern edge of the Albertine Rift Valley, it lies between Hoima and Kyenjojo towns, approximately 10 km east of Lake Albert.

Size and Biodiversity
Covering an area of approximately 401–411 square kilometers (about 41,144 hectares), Bugoma Forest is renowned for its rich biodiversity. It ranks 12th among 65 Ugandan forests in terms of biodiversity importance and 17th for species rarity.
The forest is home to over 34 mammal species, including more than 600 chimpanzees, as well as blue monkeys, red-tailed monkeys, grey-cheeked mangabeys, and black-and-white colobus monkeys. Other wildlife includes elephants, buffaloes, golden cats, side-striped jackals, and Uganda kobs.
Bird enthusiasts can find over 255 bird species, such as the Nahan’s partridge, grey parrot, and African crowned eagle. Additionally, the reserve hosts 289 butterfly species, 130 moth species, and 260 tree species, including 14 listed on the IUCN Red List.

Conservation Challenges
Despite its ecological significance, Bugoma Forest faces threats from illegal logging, charcoal production, hunting, and agricultural encroachment. In 2020, a portion of the forest was allocated to Hoima Sugar Limited for sugarcane cultivation, sparking environmental concerns.
Conservation efforts are ongoing, with organizations like the Association for Conservation of Bugoma Forest (ACBF) working to protect and restore the forest. In 2021, a reforestation initiative successfully restored 50 hectares of forest cover.

Ecotourism Opportunities
Bugoma Forest offers ecotourism activities such as chimpanzee tracking, bird watching, and guided nature walks. In 2024, the forest was officially opened for chimpanzee trekking, providing visitors with an opportunity to observe these primates in their natural habitat.
Access to the reserve is typically via the Hoima–Fort Portal road, with entry points like the Kasindi Forest Station. The forest’s proximity to other attractions, such as Murchison Falls National Park and the Semliki Valley, makes it a valuable addition to Uganda’s ecotourism circuit.

Top Activities in Bugoma Central Forest Reserve

1. Chimpanzee Tracking
Bugoma is home to over 600 chimpanzees. The Mwera South chimpanzee community has been habituated for ecotourism, providing visitors with an opportunity to observe these primates in their natural habitat.

2. Nature Walks and Primate Viewing
Explore the forest’s 30 km of trails, where you can encounter various primates, including the endemic Uganda mangabey, as well as reptiles, butterflies, and unique tree species.

3. Bird Watching
With its rich avian diversity, Bugoma is a paradise for bird enthusiasts. The forest’s varied habitats support numerous bird species, making it an ideal spot for bird watching.

4. Scenic Views and Photography
Situated atop an escarpment east of Lake Albert, the reserve offers stunning views of the countryside and the Albertine Rift Valley, perfect for photography and relaxation.

For an unforgettable adventure, consider extending your Bugoma Central Forest Reserve trip with the following incredible destinations:

1) Coffee Experience at the Coffee Lodge
Immerse yourself in Uganda’s rich coffee culture with a visit to the Coffee Lodge. Enjoy a hands-on coffee experience, where you can learn about the coffee cultivation process, from bean to cup, and taste some of the finest coffee Uganda has to offer. It’s the perfect stop for coffee enthusiasts and anyone looking to enjoy the serene landscapes of Uganda’s coffee-growing regions.

2) Murchison Falls National Park
Next, head to Murchison Falls National Park, one of Uganda’s most iconic wildlife destinations. The park is home to diverse wildlife, including elephants, lions, giraffes, and various bird species. Don’t miss the spectacular Murchison Falls, where the Nile River crashes through a narrow gorge, creating one of the most breathtaking natural sights in Africa. You can enjoy a boat cruise along the Nile and game drives to witness the park’s abundant wildlife.

3) Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary
To complete your wildlife journey, visit Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary, the only place in Uganda where you can see white rhinos in the wild. The sanctuary plays a crucial role in rhino conservation, and you can enjoy guided tours that allow you to get up close to these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat. It’s a unique and rewarding experience for animal lovers and conservationists alike.

With these exceptional destinations added to your Bugoma experience, you’ll have the perfect combination of nature, wildlife, and cultural experiences. Whether you’re a nature enthusiast, wildlife photographer, or simply seeking adventure, this extended trip offers something for everyone.

Book your tour now and get ready for a once-in-a-lifetime experience through Uganda’s most beautiful and biodiverse destinations!